Japan has been Nepal’s largest bilateral donor for decades, providing substantial development assistance for infrastructure, education, health, and agriculture. After the 2015 earthquake, Japan offered significant reconstruction aid. The current relationship is characterized by strong economic ties, with Japan remaining a top investor and development partner. Cultural exchanges are vibrant, with increasing numbers of Nepali workers and students in Japan under various visa programs. Japan provides technical training to thousands of Nepalis and supports major infrastructure projects including airports and hydropower facilities. Both countries maintain high-level diplomatic exchanges and cooperate in international forums on issues like climate change and disaster risk reduction.