During the Cold War, Soviet assistance helped Nepal diversify its foreign relations beyond immediate neighbors. The USSR supported infrastructure projects including the Panauti hydropower plant and hospitals. After the Soviet collapse, relations initially cooled but have gradually strengthened since the early 2000s. Currently, Russia maintains interest in Nepal’s hydropower potential and tourism sector. Educational cooperation remains significant, with many Nepali doctors and engineers trained in Russian institutions. Military cooperation includes Nepali purchases of Russian helicopters and officer training. Trade remains modest but shows growth potential. Both countries coordinate positions on multilateral issues like UN reform and climate change. High-level visits have increased in recent years, reflecting renewed diplomatic engagement.